Сочинение на английском языке Будущее нашей планеты/ Future Of Our Planet с переводом на русский язык

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan

§ make an introduction. (state the problem)

§ express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion

§ express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion

§ express why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

§ make a conclusion restating your opinion

Positive and negative aspects of pop music:

Positive:

§ Young people search for new rhythms and new styles.

§ The words of the songs deal with the younger people’s world: their hopes, dreams, disappointments and joys.

§ The new rhythms are full of vigor and force: just what appeals to young children. The tunes are easily caught.

§ It is an experimental kind of music. Different groups are looking for new rhythms and sometimes achieve really.

§ The popularity of the genre of pop music speaks in its favor. It attracts great masses of young people. Why should we deprive them of the joy they obviously get from this music?

Negative:

§ The rhythms are new but they lack variety, it’s the same monotonous rhythm again and again.

§ The tunes are mostly primitive as easily forgotten as caught.

§ The words of some songs are absolutely senseless. The songs often contain…

§ Medical research has proved beyond doubt that the volume of sound produced by powerful music at some pop concerts does great damage both to senses of hearing and to the nervous system. Cases of mass hysteria are not unusual at pop concerts.

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss.

BOOKS

There is no doubt that reading is very important. By learning to read you learn how to concentrate, how to use your imagination, and to visualize the stories in your own way. Undoubtedly, reading is becoming less and less popular nowadays, with the increasing popularity of TV, videos and computers. I’m not sure people read as much as they watch TV or video now. However, I think that with books you always get a picture in your mind, and have certain ideas about certain characters, so it is often a disappointment when they make a film out of your favourite book.

The Russians are a reading nation. Books of different types and genres are published every year in numerous publishing houses so you can choose a book which best suits your requests. A lot of bookshops are being opened today in our city and provide customers with a great variety of books. What’s more, in some bookshops you can drink a cup of coffee while reading a bestseller and meet authors presenting their latest works.

There are different kinds of books. You know that children like reading and listening to fairy tales, fables, short stories. There are also historical novels, adventure books, science fiction, love stories, true stories, autobiographies and detectives for people of all ages. Some people prefer reference books and encyclopaedias or use them in their work.

A new type of book called audio book has become popular recently with people who spend a lot of time in cars getting to work and stuck in traffic jams. For some of them it is the only opportunity to appreciate books in our hectic lifestyle. You have “to taste” books to understand what suits your personal interest.

However, there are many books that you should “chew and digest”. People admire the books written by British writers Jonathan Swift and Daniel Defoe, Charles Dickens and William Thackeray, Oscar Wild, Herbert Wells, Aldus Huxley, Somerset Maugham. In Russia we are proud of the works of Denis Fonvizin, Nikolai Karamzin, Nikolai Gogol, Ivan Turgenev, Leo Tolstoy, Anton Chekhov and Fyodor Dostoevsky. Our modern writers are appreciated in many countries too. For example, Vladimir Nabokov wrote the world-famous novel “Lolita”.

Verses by Russian poets, such as A.Pushkin, S.Yesenin, and V.Mayakovsky are translated into many languages. Russian poet Joseph Brodsky was awarded the Alfred Nobel Prize in 1987. We can be proud of other Alfred Nobel Prize winners. They are B.Pasternak, M.Sholokhov and A.Solzhenitsin

I. Bunin.

S.Maugham ones said that “a real masterpiece makes you share feelings and emotions with the characters, follow the plot and think.” I believe that we should try to read as many books as possible, no matter whether we swallow, chew or digest them.

As for me I’m into….

I’d like to tell you about a book I’ve recently read/ I’d like to tell you about my favourite book.

It is “…..” by ….

The main characters are …Mostly I liked ….because

The plot is (quite, very) funny, serious, dramatic, gripping, moving, clever, thrilling, typical, boring, predictable, ordinary, silly because….

The situation is set in….

This book has got a lot of original ideas about…..

This book is really worth reading / this book isn’t worth reading.

Study the vocabulary:

Books: entertaining, boring, shocking, frightening, sad, exciting

Scary characters, tragic end, too much violence, funny incidents, predictable characters

Original ideas, unhappy situations, lots of action, repetition

STUDENT CARD

Give a 2-2.5 minute talk onthe topic “Books”.

Remember to talk about

• The role of books in our lives
• Types of books
• The book which is your favourite or which you have recently read

Answer the question:

Will, in your opinion, books continue to exist with the development of the Internet resources? Why/ why not?

WORD FORMATION

There is every reason to believe that mass media play a great role in modern society. Their positive aspects are obvious. They give us useful and interesting information and news and also help to have an enjoyable free time. Young people and adults seek information about weather, sporting events, and available entertainment, local, national and international news. People need information in order to conduct their lives intelligently, for professional and academic purposes.

The term of mass media was specially coined to call all possible means of obtaining information from such sources as radio and television, printed materials such as newspapers and magazines, and more recently, from computer network, such as the Internet.

There are thousands of newspapers printed in the world. They remain a popular sourceof information. They range from thick daily newspapers both quality and tabloids, which are read by millions of people across the world, to small, local weekly papers, which offer news. There are a lot of magazines to all tastes. Both newspapers and magazines are sold in the streets all around the city, but you can also subscribe to any of them at the post office. My family doesn’t subscribe to any newspapers; we usually buy them at newsagent’s. My Dad likes reading… because…., my Mum likes reading….because there she can get information about….

Radio is another source of information. There are dozens of radio stations in Russia. Most of them broadcast music but of different styles. You can also listen to weather forecast, sports news, talk shows, news, and daily horoscopes. You can take part in different quizzes and win a prize. My favorite radio station is…..I like listening to it when I….

Television has become an important source of information. In its popularity television overtook radio and newspapers. No doubt that television started to produce great influence on people. It combines all the advantages of other media and satisfies different tastes. Many programs keep people informed of current events in politics, sports, economics and so on. Besides news programs, you can watch a lot of entertainment. They let people relax; help to forget about problems at work. The variety of modern TV channels and TV programs satisfies all tastes. You can watch all types of films, music concerts, talk shows, TV games, and so on. As for me, I prefer watching….

However, nowadays many programs and films show too much violence and blood, they can damage our image of the world we live in. Another negative influence of TV is that it doesn’t stimulate creative thinking and makes people dependent on the views expressed by others.

The Internet is the newest kind of mass media. Information is becoming even more available because of advances of the Internet.On the Net people can find nearly all information they need, get the latest news and do the shopping without leaving home. Email communication has become one of the most popular ways of keeping in touch with people all over the world.

On the whole, it is hard to imagine modern society without mass media. That is why it is often called information society.

STUDENT CARD

Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on“Mass Media.”

Rememberto say:

• About the role of mass media in modern life
• About different types of mass media
• What the negative effects of mass media are

Answer the question: “Where do you prefer to get information from? Why?”

WORD FORMATION

Read the text below. Use the word given in brackets to form a word that fits the gap.

Internet: how it affects us.

One of the most ____________ (value) functions of the Internet is its ________________ (information) function. The internet keeps people informed about current events, as well as about the _____________ (late) ________________ (achieve) in science and culture. You can even find out how to pass from the __________________ (ground) station to the house of your girlfriend, who __________________ (recent) moved to London.

Recently the system of ________________ (distance) learning has become _______________ (popularize). You can study foreign languages and even study in universities. Individual _____________ (educate) program can be developed _______________ (especial) for you.

The Internet is also ______________ (wide) used in business. Thanks to the Internet we have rapid __________________ (connect)with partners from all corners of the world. You can even conduct ______________ (negotiate), hear and see your contacts, and ________________

(change) graphic and textual information.

The Internet

The Internet has changed 1) __________ (communicate) as we know it. From education to 2) _________ (advertise) this new 3) _________ (technology) advance has affected 4) _________ (practical) every aspect of our lives. Magazines, newspapers and even books are on-line and can be read on the computer. You can find 5) __________ (inform) on any topic – the 6) _________ (possible) are 7) _________ (end). The Internet can 8) __________ (instant) connect you to other computers, allowing you to chat with people all over the world. It’s actually very easy to learn how to use the system, and once you’re on-line, you’ll never want to turn the computer off. The 9) _________ (develop) of such technology has come a long way. These 10) __________ (amaze) electronic devices have changed many people’s lives forever.

Read the text below. Use the word given in brackets to form a word that fits the gap

On the box.

What do you need to become a __________________ (success) TV personality? The people who are usually chosen to host TV quiz shows and chat shows seem to have few______________ (qualify) for the job apart from having an _______________ (attract) appearance; in the case of women, this means being blonde and _____________ (beauty). A certain level of intelligence and education is ________________ (essence) but most people who work in the media do not seem to be very ______________ (talent) in any other respects. The sad thing is that TV personalities have a ____________________ (power) influence on viewers and it is _________________ (nature) for young viewers to admire these charming people, wearing the _________________ (late) fashion and always smiling. However, today’s youth deserve _______________ (good) role models than these.

WRITING

Argumentative composition

The Internet is the new way to communicate. Some people think that it has more drawbacks than advantages.

What is your opinion on the Internet as a source of information?

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan

§ make an introduction. (state the problem)

§ express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion

§ express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion

§ express why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

§ make a conclusion restating your opinion

.

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss

RISKY SPORTS

Sport is very important in our life. Today a growing number of people pay attention to fitness. Millions take up different kinds of sport in their spare time or even compete professionally. However, some realize that sport is useful but prefer watching numerous competitions, matches and games on TV.

Today I’d like to say a few words about extreme types of sport which have become very popular for the last ten years. A lot of people go white water rafting or snowboarding, diving, sky surfing or extreme mountain biking to feel speed, excitement and danger. Take bungee jumping for example. You jump off a bridge, you fall and fall, and then just before you hit the ground or water an elastic rope pulls you back. Most extreme sports appear just as crazy. In sky surfing you jump out of an airplane and use a board to surf the air doing gymnastics in mid-air.

By the way, extreme sports on land can be just as dangerous. Snowboarding is one of themost popular extreme sports with young people nowadays. They look forward to the first snow to cover the slopes, take a board and go to one of our winter resorts around St. Petersburg or abroad. Probably the most dangerous of all new winter sports is snowrafting. You sit in a rubber boat and sail down a mountain at a great speed – and you can’t control the boat!

What makes people regularly risk their lives for an adrenaline buzz? Many of them get bored with studies, e-mails, deadlines, work challenges and try to find a perfect escape by bringing new thrilling experience and pleasant emotions into their lives. For others risky sport is a great opportunity to make friends who share the same passion.

To tell the truth, it would be fantastic to experience something extraordinary, at least once in a life time.

As for me I’m a (snow) fan and I’m into…. very much.

I’m pretty adventurous so I like doing…. or I’d like to try

I’m pretty adventurous but I’d rather watch extreme sports on TV than try doing one of them, although my friends go downhill skiing or snowboarding.

As for me I’m afraid of height and speed so I prefer playing tennis.

Study the vocabulary

To reduce/increase the risk of something

Risk-takers

To be worth the risk/ to take a risk

A real risk of serious injury

Team spirit

The benefits outweigh the risk

Life — threatening activities

To get adrenaline going…

Mountain biking, mountain climbing, mountaineering, hang gliding, kiting

STUDENT CARD

Give a 2-2.5 minute talk onthe topic “Risky sports”.

Rememberto say:

• What risky sports are popular
• What makes people risk their lives
• If you prefer watching or taking up risky sports; why/ why not

Answer the question: Why are so many parents against the idea of their children playing risky sports and what is the solution to this problem?

WORD FORMATION

Adventure sports have increased greatly in _________________ (popular) over the last few years. More and more people are looking for ________________ (excite), perhaps because they feel their lives are ______________ (interest). Take, for example, a man who sits in his office all day from Monday to Friday, but on Saturday he is an ___________________ (adventure) risk- taking hero who participates in the most ______________ (danger) of sports. He looks for the _____________ (high) cliff to jump from, strapped in a hang glider harness, or he is one of the crew ______________(race)down a river moving at _____________ (terrify) speeds. He is not difficult to recognize because he is the one who is often heard ______________ (talk) about what he has been doing at the weekend. He is always looking for an unsuspecting _____________ (strange) to tell his stories to, and he is always looking for the next thing he can do, which he thinks people will be ________________ (impress)by.

Use the word given to form a word that fits each space.

Why are some people risk-takers? What makes them take part in _____________ (danger)or even life-threatening activities? There are different ____________ (explain) for this. Car racers love the _______________(excite) of speed, while climbers get their thrill from _______________ (face) challenge of high mountains. Millions of years ago, when people faced danger daily, risk-taking was essential for _____________ (survive). Although living in today’s world is ____________ (easy) than it was in those days, perhaps that ____________ (base) instinct still remains. However, taking risks can become a very ___________ (healthy)obsession. Some people can even become addicted to danger, and are unable to stop looking for it. It is also _________________ (interest) that the majority of risk-takers seem to be men. Is this because men are more _______________ (curiosity)? Or do women think twice about taking risks because they are more ________________(sense)?

Fill in the spaces in the following text using a suitable form of the words given in brackets.

Running is excellent exercise. Before you start running, you should warm up first, using slow _______________ (move) that make all your muscles work. But be ____________ (care)! If you stretch when your muscles are cold, you might ______________ (injury) yourself. Always wear _____________ (comfort) clothing and make sure your _____________ (train)are in good shape. If you wear shoes that give good support to your whole foot, you will put __________(little) pressure on your knees. You should start exercising ___________ (slow), at a pace you can keep up for about 15-20 minutes. Try to exercise on soft ground as this will _____________ (protection) your knees and hips from too much tension.

WRITING

Personal Letter

This is a part of a letter from Paul, your English pen friend.

Write back to Paul.

In your letter

§ answer all his questions.

§ ask 3 questions about his school drama club

Write 100-140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

Argumentative composition

Risky types of sport help to build character.

What is your opinion on risky types of sport?

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan

§ make an introduction. (state the problem)

§ express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion

§ express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion

§ express why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

§ make a conclusion restating your opinion

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss.

ENVIRONMENT

The environmental crisis – number one international problem.

We are in the environmental crisis because human beings have broken out the circle of life and are destroying the environment. Overpopulation, industrialization, urbanization and environmental pollution have disastrous effects on nature and wildlife.

The first threat to the planet is the extinction of plants and animal life. Many animals find it more and more difficult to survive as their natural habitat is being destroyed by growing cities. The earth forested areas are in danger of disappearing completely as trees are burnt or cut down. Illegal hunting threatens some rare species to become extinct. This process can be controlled if we protect animals in danger by law, open more parks and plant more forests; introduce harsher punishment for illegal hunters and raise public awareness about endangered species.

The second problem is water, air and soil pollution. Factories and cars release poisonous chemicals into the air. The chemicals mix with the water in the clouds, and the polluted rain which falls later damages everything alive. Gases from aerosol sprays and fridges go into the atmosphere destroying theozone layer which prevents us from getting harmful radiation. As a result more and more people get skin cancer. Our society is producing too much packaging and food waste; that is why diseases spread fast. People use a lot of detergents for cleaning their houses and cars, this wasted water is poured into rivers, oceans and streams killing marine life. A few steps can help to change the situation. We must throw away less rubbish; use recycling and control the usage of water and electicity.

Deforestation, using aerosols and burning fossil fuels cause the process of Global Warming (Greenhouse Effect). This environmental change leads to rising temperatures, melting ice-caps in the polar region and droughts and floods.

These problems are very serious. Both scientists and politicians agree that unless some radical steps are taken in the nearest future, life on our planet may be destroyed.

Here are some of the ways to solve ecological problems. Express your own opinion if they are helpful or not:

• The factories and plants must be removed from cities
• Green zones must be created. The greenery must be protected and increased
• Pollution control systems must be introduced
• Purifying systems for cleaning and trapping harmful substances must be widely used
• Noise must be reduced
• We must keep the streets of towns clean
• We must utilize and recycle the waste
• People must develop international cooperation in the field of environmental protection

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan

§ make an introduction. (state the problem)

§ express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion

§ express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion

§ express why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

§ make a conclusion restating your opinion

.

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss.

SEASONS AND WEATHER

‘Climate is what we expect, weather is what we get’.

Mark Twain

Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Weather is something all humans in the world constantly experience through their senses, at least while being outdoors. There are socially and scientifically constructed understandings of what weather is, what makes it change, what effects it has on humans in different situations. Therefore weather is something people often communicate about. Weather generally refers to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of time. Weather is driven by air pressure (temperature and moisture) differences between one place and another. On Earth’s surface, temperatures usually range ±40 °C (−40 °F to 100 °F) annually. Common weather phenomena include wind, cloud, rain, snow, fog and dust storms. Less common events include natural disasters such as tornadoes, hurricanes, typhoons and ice storms.

Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location. Weather warnings are important forecasts because they are used to protect life and property. On an everyday basis, people use weather forecasts to determine what to wear on a given day.

Human attempts to control the weather have occurred throughout human history, and there is evidence that human activity such as agriculture and industry has modified weather patterns. The effects of weather modification may pose serious threats to many aspects of civilization, including ecosystems, natural resources, food production, economic development, and human health.

A season is a division of the year, marked by changes in weather, ecology, and hours of daylight. Our calendar-based seasons are generally recognized as spring, summer, autumn and winter. Hot regions have two or three seasons; the rainy (or wet, or monsoon) season and the dry season, and, in some tropical areas, a cool or mild season. In some parts of the world, special «seasons» are defined based on important events such as a hurricane season, tornado season, or a wildfire season.

STUDENT CARD

Give a 2-2.5 minute talk onthe topic “Seasons and weather”.

Rememberto say about

· What weather is

· What weather forecast is

· What climate changes we face today

· What seasons you know

Answer the question:

What is your favorite season and why?

VOCABULARY EXERCISES

Match the adjectives with the nouns. Some of the adjectives can be used more than once.

Blue heavy starry grey strong moonlight light cloudy thick gloomy bright moonless

1. ______________ rain
2. ______________ wind
3. ______________snow
4. ______________ sky
5. ______________sunshine
6. ______________ night

Underline the correct adjectives.

Dear Rachel,

I’m writing this letter in my hotel room which overlooks a 1) calm / pebbly lake. The luxurious hotel I’m staying in is built on a 2) sandy/ grassy green hillside and the view from my window is fantastic. There are a lot of guests here who have come to relax and enjoy the fresh air. This place in spring is fabulous.

Until the couple of days ago, the weather was kind to us. 3) Blue / grey skies and 4) bright / light sunshine made it ideal for day — trips to the surrounding countryside. On cloudless 5) moonlight / bright nights I enjoyed sitting outside looking at the 6) starry / gloomy sky. It was like looking at thousands of sparkling diamonds. However, 7) strong / heavy rain has been falling in the mountains for the past two days, and 8) strong / thick winds even caused some damage to the small boats on the lake! So, unfortunately, we’ve had to spend a lot of time indoors lately. Well, see you in a couple of weeks.

Best,

Paula

WRITING

Personal Letter

You have received a letter from your English-speaking friend Mark who writes:

• Write a letter to Mark and answer all his questions.
• Ask 3 questions about sports which Mark loves.

Write 100-140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

Argumentative composition

Some people say that there is no bad weather there are bad clothes.

1. The crops have failed again and …………… is widespread.
2. The latest San Francisco …………… measured 4.5 on the Richter scale.
3. In case of …………… break the glass and push the button.
4. Half a million …………… have now crossed the border in an attempt to find food.
5. I never give to ……………. I think it should be the government’s responsibility.
6. The present government has given more in …………… to needy countries than any other in living memory.
7. Many children have suffered terrible …………… as a result of the fighting.
8. A new …………… has been discovered which causes partial blindness and skin problems.
9. There has been a …………… in certain parts of the country due to the lack of rain.
10. There has been so much rain that some rivers have burst their banks and there have been………………

WORD FORMATION

Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. The __________________ of the ozone layer is one of the worst things that has happened. (destroy)
2. If we don’t send food, there will be______________ on a massive scale.(starve)
3. We need to find a _____________________ to the problem before things get seriously out of hand. (solve)
4. It is shocking that ten per cent of the population live below the _________________ line. (poor)
5. Some of the most beautiful Indian tigers are facing ________________. (extinct)
6. If the________________ (pollute)gets any worse, I’m going to move to the country.
7. I believe the __________________ of the planet is worth fighting for. (survive)

Fill in the spaces in the following text using a suitable form of the words given in brackets.

It is no exaggeration to say that the world has become a global village. Modern methods of­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­_________________(communicate) have made the world much smaller and the problems we face such as _______________ (pollute)are not restricted to one country. The _____________ (destroy) of the rainforests in Brazil is everyone’s problem and the _________________ (starve)which is common in many Africancountries is a challenge for Europe too. The _____________ (extinct) of rare species is a tragedy for the planet as a whole and the _____________ (exhaust) of oil supplies will shake the ___________ (found) of the world’s economy. The _______________ (protect) of the environment is the responsibility of all nations, rich and poor. However, uncontrolled economic ____________ (compete) between strong and weak nations leads to _____________ (create) of great inequality between the rich and poor nations of the world.

Complete the following text with the correct words derived from the words in bold.

The island of Madagascar was in a state of total 1) __________ (devastate)yesterday after hurricane Geralda wrecked millions of dollars worth of land and property over two-day period.

The island was lashed by 2) __________ (torrent) rain and winds of up to 350 km per hour. Seventy people were killed and 500,000 were left 3) __________ (home).In the city of Toamasina alone, 80,000 people lost their homes. The main 4) __________ (commerce) port of the island was almost destroyed and 70 per cent of the island’s farmland was completely 5) __________ (flood). There were 6) _________ (heartbreak) scenes as people returned to the ruins that were once their homes.

Hurricanes gather speed and strength over water, and Geralda traveled over a large area of water before it hit the island of Madagascar. This is part of the reason why the storm struck so 7) ________ (severe).

WRITING

Argumentative composition

To perform scientific experiments on animals is cruel and unnecessary.

What is your opinion?

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan

§ make an introduction. (state the problem)

§ express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion

§ express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion

§ express why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

§ make a conclusion restating your opinion

.

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss

AT THE DOCTOR’S

Is there anything more important than health? If your body suffersfrom any disorder your mind suffers with your body, too. You can’t be good either at work or at studies. Aches and pains lead to irritation, nervous breakdown, exhaustion, and apathy.

Doctors treat patients. If you have a headache, toothache, backache, stomachache or earache, if you have a sore throat, if you feel pain in any part of your body, if it hurts you to move – you need help. First of all you need to turn to your physician who will diagnose you. You need to call to the clinic or doctor’s consulting room and make an appointment.

The doctor will examine you carefully: feel your pulse, sound your chest, heart and lungs, test your blood pressure. The most important thing you have to do is to follow his directions and prescriptions. If the case needs consultations with specialists you will go to an optician, a psychologist, a surgeon or some other doctors.

If you have a toothache you should go to a dentist, who will examine your teeth, and if the aching tooth is not too far gone, he will treat it. If it is too bad, he will take it out. To prevent this unpleasant situation it’s advisable to visit dentists at least twice a year.

If you have high temperature, fever or high blood pressure, you need to send for the doctor or call the ambulance in case of a serious disease. A doctor will ask you to describe the symptoms of your illness and examine you thoroughly. Finally he’ll prescribe the treatment and write out a prescription which specifies the medicine for curing you. If your illness is too dangerous, you will be taken to hospital for further tests and treatment (blood tests, X-rays, injections, even operations) and put in a ward where you will be looked after by hospital doctors and nurses.

If you are employed you can get a sick list (or sick leave), a paid number of days given to you by your office when you are ill.

A lot of people are afraid of doctors and prefer not to visit them often, but you should always remember that health is man’s wealth and try to visit doctors at least twice a year. Otherwise, a slight ailment can develop into an incurable malady.

Answer the questions:

1. What the signs of a healthy man do you know?

2. What can make you healthier?

3. What is your attitude to smoking?

4. What arguments would you choose to convince your friends not to smoke?

5. Why don’t some people get rid of bad habits?

6. What measures can be taken against taking drugs?

7. Which arguments against drinking alcohol seem most convincing to you?

STUDENT CARD

Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on “At the doctor’s.”

Remember to say:

• What health problems people may have

• What doctors do while treating patients

• What you do to stay healthy

Answer the question: “Could you describe your last visit to a doctor?”

VOCABULARY EXCERCISES

Ambulance treatment toothache cough prescriptions complaints stomachache throat hurts recover physician

• What is troubling you? It….. here.

• I have a bad…………..I want to have this tooth filled.

• You have a bad……Hasn’t anyone advised you to give up smoking?

• I’m afraid no………….will help my aching tooth. It has to be pulled out.

• You should follow the doctor’s…………..It will help you…………….soon.

• What are your………? I’ve got a sore …………… and a cough.

• I’m afraid I won’t be able to help you. Let’s call for the………….

• May I make an appointment with the………….I’ve got a ………….

Complete the sentences using the suggested words.

Bleeding broken earache dangerous fit plaster healthy injured sore well

• A…………..diet includes lots of vegetables and fruit.

• John is very ill and won’t go to school until he is…………..

• Helen’s leg was……………so the doctor put it in plaster for a month.

• It is……….to take more than 4 of these tablets in 24 hours.

• George has cut his hand and now it’s…………..

• David keeps ……… by doing exercises in the gym twice a week.

• Edward walked all day in his new shoes and now his feet are …………..

• The bus crashed into a tree, but luckily nobody was…………….

• You should put a……….on that cut.

• Little Jimmy was crying because he had an………………

Fill in the blanks with the necessary words

• The doctor…..his patient very carefully and……………..some medicine.

• The flu usually begins with……………….

• Let me feel your …………..

• If you want …………………, you must follow the doctor’s advice.

• This…………….is very good for cough.

• You have all the………. of the flu.

• She caught …………..when she was skiing.

• Your forehead is hot, let me take your………………

Fill in the blanks with the words given below.

Operation ward prescription waiting room examine illness appointment temperature lungs pulse treatment receptionist symptoms thermometer chemist’s

When I go to the doctor, I tell the………….my name and take a seat in the……………. . My doctor is very busy so I have to make an…………….first before I go to see him. He asks me what’s wrong with me. I tell him the ……….of my …………, for example high temperature, difficulty in breathing, or pains, and then he will usually…………me. He will listen to my………with his stethoscope, he will hold my wrist to feel my………., he’ll take my………….with his……………. The problem is usually quite simple and he might give me a ………….for some medicine, which I take to the………. .Of course, if I need some serious…… I’ll have to go to hospital. There I’ll be put in a bed in a ….. with other people. If there were something seriously wrong with me, I might need an…………..

WORD FORMATION

Fill in the correct word derived from the word in brackets.

Stress

In today’s world people seem to be very _______________ (anxiety) and suffer from stress. This stress is often __________________ (harm) and people need to seek medical ______________ (treat) in order to recover. However, a more _______________ (effect) solution is for people to learn to relax. This can be achieved through a __________________ (vary) of leisure __________________ (active)such as sport, reading, music or even gardening. __________________ (Emphasize)is placed on people spending time doing things that they enjoy, ultimate aim being __________________ (relax). Unfortunately, some people find this __________________ (possible) and therefore need to take drugs prescribed by their doctor. These drugs are called __________________ (tranquil). They calm people down, but can be dangerous if taken for long periods of time. Alternative methods are much __________________ (safety) and have no side effects.

WRITING

Personal Letter

This is a part of a letter from Andrea, your English pen friend

§ Write back to Andrea answering her questions.

§ Ask 3 questions about her yoga class.

Write 100-140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

Argumentative composition

It is believed that young people today are not as healthy as they were fifty years ago.

What is your opinion? Do you agree or disagree?

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan

§ make an introduction. (state the problem)

§ express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion

§ express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion

§ express why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

§ make a conclusion restating your opinion

.

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss.

SHOPPING

We live in a consumer society. The streets of our cities are full of advertisements offering to buy a new product of a famous brand. Our TV programs are interrupted by hours of commercialsadvertising new super shops, washing powder and food, and we are ready to spend big sums of money to look more fashionable, to have a cozier house or to eat tastier meals. To tell the truth, shopping has become a vital part of our lifestyle, a hobby or even an addiction.

There are a lot of types of shops: if you want to buy meat you go to a butcher’s, if you want to buy bread you visit a bakery, if you want to buy fruit or vegetables you go to a greengrocer’s, if you need not only food but some cleaning materials as well you choose a supermarket. All items are neatly wrapped and conveniently displayed on special shelves or racks or kept in refrigerators. You can walk among the rows with a shopping basket or a trolley, choosing things. You can take and study them, put them back and take again later. Nobody tells you to hurry with the shopping. Finally you have to pay at the cashier’s desk.

For many people shopping is a nightmare: the crowds, the queues, walking from shop to shop just for something that matches their new outfit or for a special birthday present. The situation has changed greatly recently with the establishing of huge shopping centers or shopping malls as they are called in the USA. Shopping has become a sort of entertainment for the whole family. Numerous departments with clothes, shoes, perfume, furniture, electrical appliances and toys; restaurants and cafes; cinemas and discos; children’s playgrounds and sport centers provide a family week-end under one roof for all tastes and wallets.

While speaking about shopping, which some people call a waste of time and money, we need to say about ways of payment. You can pay either cash or by credit card. When you buy (or, more formally, purchase) something in a shop, you usually pay for it outright but sometimes you buy on credit. Sometimes you may be offered a discount or a reduction. If you want to return something that you have bought to a shop, you may be given a refund, provided you have a receipt. Never forget to check your change at the cashier’s desk (till) and always ask for a guarantee if it is an electrical appliance.

Follow these simple rules and shopping can become a cure from stress and hectic lifestyle.