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- The nurse is caring for a patient with high blood pressure. Which form of communication should the nurse suggest to the patient for relaxation?
- Meditation is a form of intrapersonal communication to control and clear the mind. It is a means to achieve self-encouragement and reassurance with a goal of inner peace and relaxation. Proxemics is the study of the spatial requirements of humans and animals. Negative self-talk may increase a patient’s perception of pain, anxiety, or inability to meet the challenges of a poor prognosis. Small-group conversations focus on the particular needs and requirements of a group of people. This is not relevant to relaxation.
- The nurse works in a nursing home. The nurse understands that most of the elderly patients have varying degrees of hearing loss. Which interventions would help the nurse to communicate with these patients? Select all that apply.
- Speaking clearly and slowly gives the patient time to comprehend what the nurse is saying. Patients, who have hearing aids, are encouraged to use them to improve communication. When the patient is aware that the nurse is talking, they are more attentive and try to comprehend better. Speaking quickly will not encourage effective communication; rather, speaking slowly and being patient with the patient’s response will help. The nurse should face the patient and make sure that the nurse’s mouth is visible to them when speaking.
Test-Taking Tip: Be sure to consider the patient’s point of view. If you had trouble hearing, what would you want the nurse to do? By changing your perspective, the answer to this question is clear.
- The nurse summarizes the conversation with the patient to determine if the patient has understood him or her. This is what element of the communication process?
- Feedback is the message the receiver returns that indicates understanding. By summarizing what the patient has said, the nurse can determine if the message was received accurately.
- The nurse is learning about communicating with patients who are cognitively impaired. Which are the most appropriate actions that the nurse should perform? Select all that apply.
- Asking one question at a time gives the patient with a cognitive impairment sufficient time to understand, think, and answer the question. Using simple sentences to clarify helps the patient to comprehend without much difficulty and results in effective communication. As patients with cognitive impairment may be slow in processing information, it is helpful to give them time to respond. Friends and family members are good sources of information, and should be included in the discussion on subjects they are familiar with. Avoiding communication is against the duty of the nurse and every possible way to communicate with the patient should be attempted. Providing lengthy explanations is not helpful as the patient with a cognitive impairment may not be able to comprehend which will lead to ineffective communication.
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Chapter 31
- Fracture of the nose
- -Displacement of bone or cartilage can cause airway obstruction or cosmetic deformity; potential source of infection
-CSF may indicate skull fracture
-Interventions: closed reduction, rhinoplasty, nasoseptoplasty
-Nasal fractures often result from injuries received during falls, sports activities, car crashes, or physical assaults.
-Blood or clear fluid (cerebrospinal fluid {CSF}) rarely drains from one or both nares as a result of a simple nasal fracture & if present, indicates a more serious injury (skull fracture).
-CSF can be differentiated from normal nasal secretions because CSF contains glucose that will test positive with a dipstick.
-When CSF dries on a piece of filter paper, a yellow «halo» appears - Interventions- Rhinoplasty
- -Surgical reconstruction of the nose
-Patient returns from surgery with packing in both nostrils; this packing prevents bleeding & provides support for the reconstructed nose. The gauze packing is treated with an antibiotic to reduce the risk of infection.
-After surgery observe for edema & bleeding. Check vital signs every 4 hours until patient is discharged.
-Instruct patient to stay in a semi-Fowler’s position & to move slowly. Rest & use cool compresses on nose, face, eyes, to help reduce swelling & bruising.
-Urge patient to drink at least 2500 mL/day.
-To prevent bleeding, teach patient to limit valsalva maneuvers (forceful coughing or straining during a BM), not to sniff upward ot blow the nose & not to sneeze with the mouth closed for the 1st few days after packing is removed.
-Laxatives or stool softeners to ease BM.
-Avoid aspirin & other NSAIDS to prevent bleeding.
-Antibiotics to prevent infection
-Final Surgical Result- 6-12 months. - Interventions- Nasoseptoplasty
- -Or submucous resection (SMR) may be needed to straighten a deviated septum when chronic symptoms (stuffy nose, snoring, sinusitis) or discomfort occurs.
-Most adults have a slight nasal septum deviation with NO SYMPTOMS.
-Major deviations- may obstruct the nasal passages or interfere with airflow & sinus drainage . The deviated section of the cartilage and bone is removed as an ambulatory surgical procedure.
-Nursing care is similar to that for a rhinoplasty. - Epistaxis
- -Nosebleed- common problem because of the many capillaries within the nose.
-Occur as a result of trauma, HTN, blood dyscrasia (leukemia), inflammation, tumor, decreased humidity, nose blowing, nose picking,chronic cocaine use, & procedures (nasogastric suctioning).
-Patient often reports-bleeding started after sneezing or blowing the nose.
-Document amount & color of blood & take vital signs.
-Ask patient the number, duration, & causes of previous bleeding episodes.
120 more terms
Rapid response actions — перевод на русский — примеры английский | reverso context
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